Loose-leaf binder



De c. 16, 1930. L, MCMILLAN 1,785,684

LOOSE LEAF BINDER Filed March 14, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet l zzmw f? T FOR/Vi vs.

Dec. 16, 1930. J. L. M MILLAN LOOSE LEAF BINDER 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 .w. J I V llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll I:

lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll I Filed March 14, 1928 ,,1 T. I :5 z 15 2:.

i f E. W

Dec. 16, 1930. J. L. M MILLAN' 1,735,634

LOOSE LEAF BINDER Filed March 14, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3- I/vrnv roR WZJ/m Patented Dec. 16, 1930 PATENT .oF Ic Jenn niu MILLAn, or?smiteeusii, NEW yonxpnssrenon T Me aILLAN BOOK COM- .PVANY, or SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION or New Yonx LOOSE-LEAF BINDER JApplicaQtionffiledMarch 14, 1928; Serial 110,261,532.

I I This invention relates to a new and im-t proved loose leaf binder in which the sheets are retained in position on prongs or areuate 7 posts and is particularly directed to that type of binder in which thesheets may be moved from one setof prongs to ano'ther without the necessity of removing the-sheets from the prongs. I In using loose leaf binders-it is frequently desirablethat.theyibelsoarranged that they may be used for the "keeping ofthe accounts of different individuals in such a Way that the placing of the sheets in the binder with reference to one another will result in pro- -viding a'visible index ofthe severalaccounts on the sheets. VVhena book is being used for this purpose the length of the sheets is usually considerably less than the height ofthe book so that-a sheet may be, positioned on different goiprongs andstill remain within the covers of the book; VVhena book is being put to this use in which the sheets are assembled on different prongs so that'all the titles of vthe accounts-willhe visible it is frequently desirableito remove one of thesheets from the book when, for example, the particular account represented onthat-sheet has been closed or for someother reason. 'Whenthis occnrs the sheets in the book below the one 'a 'removed will allbe moved one; prong upvwardly so that a new sheet may be inserted in thejhoolr asthe bottom sheet.

"In order to accomplish-the transfer of sheets in the manner just described it is very;

desirable that some means be provided whereby a plurality of sheets may be moved in one 2 operation and Without actual removal of the sheetsfrom the prongs andthe main object of'my invention is to providea means where,

by the OppoSedprongs in the book may be so changed in relationto each other that sheets" maybe" transferredfrom one set of v prongs to another set ofprongs while at the sam'etime the sheets areat all times retained on prongs.

the necessityjof moving any part of the .appara-tile outside of the niainbody of the book.

Another 'objectistoprovide a nieanswhere by this result may be accomplished'without f i edge of back member+'-1,"and have their bottom portions positioned in recesses '-Y-9.9, which maybe of V-shapedforin, in

size, shape and-arrangement of parts all as will more fully appear fromthe following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Figure .1 s a perspective view of my improved book in the closed positionp Figure 6 is a top plan view of the device in the positionshown in Figure 3. c

Figure 7 is a section on line 77 of Figure 2.7 a V Figure '8 is a bottom plan view of a section of one of the back members.

Figure 9 is a view of a modified form of structurewith the/hook partially open and the prongs. in'position for shifting sheets.

Figure 10 is a section on line 10--10, Figure12.

Figure 11 is a section on line 11-11, Figure 10. y c

Figure 12 isa section on line 1'2-12, Figure 9. I r I Figure 13 is a view of a broken away section ofa back member as used in tliestructure of Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12.

My device; as shown in Figures 1 13028 inclusive,.consists of back-members '1 and The prongs -5- are, mounted for: rocking movement in spaced relation with tlieir upright portions -i7-..'-seated in bearings or vertical channels -:6Qin the outside "the bottom wall of back member- 1 to 1 tions 8 of prongs 5 eXtend so that the selected position. firl further provide aback= ber 1-, whichperinits relative. sliding movement betweenbar 1 O and back member'l+. 1 Bar q1s provided with holes or openings through which thefendsf of pormovement of one of the portions 8'', or the rocking of one of prongs Y5 will cause a similar movement of all of the other prongs '-5 thereby effecting a swinging movement of portions 6" conforming with the swinging movements of the portions #-8, of 'pro'ngs 5 e I also 'provideiin bar i10 depressions 1111[for the reception of detentr 12 which. is positioned inback member -1+ and which consists of a'plunger 13- backed by a spring 1 l so that the entrance of plunger -14-intoone of the depressions l1- will yieldingly hold bar lO in a plate 15 extending alongtheouter lon-' i gitudinal edge ofback-member 1 and secured thereto by screwsi16 or'other convenient means, for the purpose of holding prongs 5-5- inposition inthe bearings or channels'60 in the outer edge of member An angular cover plate 17- is positionedon the uppergsurface of "back member '1 along theouter longitudinal edge thereof with its'iuprightportion againstthe ell) inner surface of the uprightportions 77 of prongs'55.' Cover plate fl7i has its upper edge bent outwardly and'downwardly to look on the upper edge of-backplate :15

means-I 5'5 and is provided with a plurality of holes 18 l8 for the'reception of prongs 55 and" is also provided with a plurality of holes 19-19 positioned between the edges of the adjacent. prongs 55omidway between them and in' line with holes 187-18. locking plate j'20 is positioned on the upper' surface ofback member 1 with its-outer edgesuperposed on the lower horizontal porposition b screws 2121 or other convenient Back member 2- is provided with plurality ,7 of binge members 22o22' are aflixedt'bygweldingor other con venient means to the 'outside face of back plate -'-15 w hioh members 22-7-22 register,- with a hinge member '23 affi'xedto a book 1' cover :and held in hinged relationthereto by meansof a pintle -25". A guide plate +38%- is positioned onitheun'der sur- 7 face 'ofibalc-k member extending longi j tudinally thereof to retain in place and actas i a guidefor the bar I a back plate 26 afliXed to-itlie outer Icingitudinal edge thereof byscrews, not shown,

the position of rings 27 27 on back member 2% being in staggered relation to the position of prongs "5 -51 inback member 1. A locking plate: +2 angular in shape is positioned on th'e u pper surface of back mem e ber along the outer longitudinal edge thereof and abutting against the inner faces of prongs 27 27'. I

V 29-has its upperedge bent outwardly and downwardly on to the of locking plate V29. of locking plate ',29 is'provided with Locking plate e u edge a plurality of openings 30 3O through which extend prongs; 27 27, and is ralso'provided with a pluralityof openings- 3l+31 posi- 7 tionedbetweenadjacentprongs 27275mid The upper i 80 way thereof, andaligne'dwith holes 3030 v A top plate ?82 is positionedon the upper surface of baokinemb er and thelower horizontal portion of locking plate %29 and convenient means. i i

is held in position by screws 83-33 or other A plurality of hinge members -34 are aflixed to back plate ij26 by weld ng or other convenient means, and are in ;registra-"- tlon with a hinge member 35% 111 a cover. '35 being held in hinged relat on thereto 1 Theposition of prongs 5-5 in back memf hers-1 in relation to holes13l-3 1 in'locking platei29yis such that 'when the book is in the closed positiontheends-of prongs will register with andi'enter holes 31'31.

Similarly theprongs 27'2'7 in backmem-t ber 2 ,are so positioned with relation to holes;- 19jl in baclrme'mber '-1- thatflwhen" the boo'klisin closedposition the ends of the? prongs 27- 27 will register with and enter:

holes19. a 1 v The length and position of prongs 5 in the book is in anintermediate openp'osition and the prongs 5'are rotated or swung in ither direction about theirfupright portions 7 ,{the ends of the prongs '5-' will be tion of locking plate .17'- and is held-in or downwardly of the book equal to the disv tancebetween the centers of two adjacent peroforation's in a sheet of'paperadapted to be; .used'in the book, as illustrated in Figure 9 moved or shifted a distance eitherupwardly at A. It

capable of operation forishiftin'g a sheet l V i relation to prongs 7-27 1S such that when v will be understood that prongs 7 .may be swung ineither-direction, rendering them capable of use in shifting sheets either up or down in the book, and-as the prongs are capable in thisembodime'nt ofamaximuin swinging'niovement covering a distance'twice 2 great as the distancebetween two apertures in a sheet, it will be apparent that the book'isv Shifting asheet two apertures at ati'me u may be accomplished by first moving the sheet from the movable set ofprongs'to the stationery set of prongs. Then by swinging; the prongs in one: desired direction and 'thenqshifting the sheets back 'to the movable prongs -5, and then swinging the prongs from their shifted position first to a normal position, as illustrated in Figure 6, and then swinging them to the opposite side of their normal position,iwhen the sheets are shifted to the stationery prongs 27-' they will have been moved upwardly in the booktwo pertorations;

The reverse operation of shifting the sheets downwardly in the book either one or two apertures isefiected by reverse operation of the, pfrongs -5. "Shifting of sheets one apertureat a time is readily effected it the 1 sheets are mounted upon the movable prongs by swinging the prongs in either direction,- as desired, shifting the sheets from the movable prongs 5", to the stationary prongs -27, then swinging thev prongs '5- back to neutral position, and shifting the sheets back to the movable prongs ,-5-. Various methods of 'operationin shifting the sheets may be utilized in connection with the structure disclosed,

The shoulders, or walls .62. at opposite sides of recesses 9' constitute stops against which the portions 8 of the prongs -.5-- abut'and the movement of the prongs in either direction from neutral positin,as limitedby these shoulders, is ust sufficient to effect shifting of a sheet one aperture at a time.

End plates 41 are afiixed by rivets,

(not shown) or other convenient means; to each endof back member 2, and as they are similar in design, the description of one is a description of both. End caps 41- may be of a shape to conform tothe end contours of the formed frame and extend upwardly from back-member 2to approximately the upper end of locking plate 29.

End plates -4ll are provided with slots -42- for a purpose hereinafter to be described.

Lockii'rg plates 4r-3 are rigidly secured to the opposite ends of a rod a lwhich. extends through back member--2 and which is journaled at opposite ends in end plates in'such a manner that locking'plates 43 are positionedadj acent the ou ter. 'l'accs aresimilar in shape, and function, and a de scription of oneyis .a description of both;

Plates 43'.are provided at one endrwith an.

-. l3- areiprovided with an elongated slotand engage tongues 46 to yieldingly hold lug l0 in one or the other recesses 48, anc50'..

The outer and bottom longitudinal faces of back members -.-1 and 2 are provided with finish strips -53 and 54: respectively. In the closed position of my book, prongs 55 will have their ends positioned in holes 3131 and prongs 27 will likewise have their ends positioned in holes 19. In this position of the book the relative position of end plates 39 and 41 and locking plates 43 will be, as shown in Fig. 2 with lug +l0 in recess 48 to lock the members in that position;-

If it is desired to transfer sheets from one set of prongs to another, one end of locking plate 43 is depressed by means of tab 4=5 against the action of spring -52 to release lugs -t0.- from recesses l8- and permit locking plates 43 to move in relation to end plates 89 until lugs are positioned inrecesses 49 to lock the book in the intermediate position. The relative position of the parts, when the book is in the intermediate position, may bestbe seen from Figs. 3 and 6. It will be understood that the depression by means of a tab of the end of one locking plate -'-43- will cause a similar movement of the other lockingplate -4;3 due to the fact that they are both rigidly secured to the rotatable rod .'4A. 7 In the intermediate position 'just to release lugs =-40' from recesses 49 and permit their entrance into recesses to lock the book in the open position.

The size and position of openings 51 in locking plates 43 is such that when the book is in the closed position, as indicated in FigureQ, or in the open position, as indicatedin Figure 4, the bar 10 will not register with the openings 51, and the prongs -5-cannot be' moved from their normal position. The opening of the book is assist:

ed by a spring 56- positioned on hinge '4 and exerting pressure to open hinge .-l-. The closing of the book is acc0mplished by moving back members 1, and

2 towards each other, which will cause tongues 46 to; move to the bottom of slots 42 and any further movement of locking plates -43-then being prevented; thelugs 40 will move from recesses and 49 into recess '48+ the'book in the'closed position;

to lock The structure shown in Figures 9 to 13 inclusiveis similar in construction and operation to the structure heretofore-described, except that the movable prongs -5' instead of swinging about the so-called vertical por tions 7 are arranged to swing about the so-called horizontal portions -8 as a substantially fixed axis. This is accomplished as perhaps best shown in Figures 12 and 13 by inserting the portions 8 of the prongs in conduits or openings-in the back member -1, such openings constituting ]OU1II12LlS' within which the portlons 8' of the prongs may rotate. Rotation of the portions -8' in these bearings'in the back permit the section 'Z' of the prong to swingv therein a limited distance upon each side of the normal position, the walls of the recess constituting stops limiting the swinging movement of'the prong preferably to such an extent that the prong moves adistanc-e justv sufficient to permit shifting of 'a sheet one perforationat a time. As the prong can be shifted this distance upon both sides.

of the normal position, it in like manner asheretofore descr bed,"- permits the shlftlng perforations 'ata t1me,'1f that of a sheet two is desired. 7 v

F or thepurpose of moving all of the prongs 5 in Figures 9 to 13 simultaneously, the bar 67 is provided mounted in a recess 68. in the back member and confined therein by the angular plate -17-.

and having recesses for receiving the respective portions 7-of the prongspas perhaps best illustrated in Figures 10 and 11 so that movement-ofone prong will eifect'si'mu'ltaneprongs through? ous 'movement' of all of the a uniform d stance.

In general, the operation ofthe two structures described is substantially the same, as

a swinging movement ofthe prongs of one 5 set permits shifting of properly. perforated sheets through a distance of either on fo'ration'or'two, asmay be desired.

. forinainta iningthe backmemb'ers in various positions of adjustment about their hinging 7 one of mycopending applications.

It will be understood that thelength ofthe sheets to be used in my device maybe variedat will, it only being necessaryj' to provide" sheets 'havlngf holes, :orv perforat1ons,- there- 1 sp t-1 through,properly positioned for the recepalso be understood that {the materials of which my'device is constructed maybe v&- Q

ried, as'desired, without departing from the spiritof my invention, for altho I have shown and described specific structures and forms of parts-as an exemplification or an embodiment of myinvention, I do not desire to restrict myself to the exact size, shape and ar-- prongs, means for mounting and guiding the series of nnpalmg prongs for movement away from each other to permlt removal or addition of recordleaves, and means'pivotally mounting the impallng prongs of one series for movement to dispose the same an gularly with respect to the 'impaling prongs of the other series and effect longitudinal shifting of said leaves with reference to each other. T I r 2. In aloose leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves, two series of impaling' prongs, means for mounting and guiding the series of lmpalmg prongs for movement awayfrom each other to permit removal or V 7 addition of record leaves, means mounting the impaling prongs of one. series. for angular movement to shift their free ends with respect to the impaling prongs of the other series and effect longitudinal shifting of said leaves with reference to each other, and

means operable to secure said last-mentioned seriesof impaling' prongs against movement.

3.- In a loose. leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves, two series of impaling prongs, means for mounting and guiding the series of nnpahng prongs for movement away from eachother to permit removal or' addition of record. leaves, means mounting the impaling prongs of one series for angular movement to shift their-free ends with respect to the impaling. prongs of the other series and effect longitudinal shifting of said leaves with: respect to each other, means operable to secure said last mentioned series of impaling prongs against movement, and

means for securing the series of impalmg prongs against transverse movement.

. 4. A loose leaf bOOk'COIHPIISHIg a pair of of said back members, and a set of prongs carried by the other member, hinging'means connecting sald' back members to permit connection, are retained as sub ect matter for movement of said sets'ofprongs toward and tially'fixedaiiesin two directions from their I v c I I back members, a set of prongs carried by one The broad claims directed to the means :normal "transverse position to dispose thev prongs of the shiftable set 'angularly with {respect to theinormal transverse planeof such prongs.

. i 5., A loose leaf book comprising a'pair of 7 back; membershingedly connectedtogether,

a set ofprongs carried by one of said back members, a set of prongs carried by the other member, the prongs of oneof sai'dsets being shiftab'le obliquely about substantially fixed axes initwo[directions] from their normal transversepositionto vary their position with respect tothe prongs of the other-set, and

means for maintainingthe body. member's in:v different positions of; ad ustments in their Y [relative hingingmovement,

'6. In a loose leaf binderadaptedto contain "record leaves, a pair of back members, op-

posed'sets vof'prongs mounted on respective back members, hingingmeans connecting the back members for relative movement'abont a longitudinal axis to'move thesets of prongs toward and from each other to permit removal and insertion of leaves, means for independently pivoting the prongs of one set each upon a separate -ax1sto permit angular movement of said pivoted prongs'with respect to. the normal lengthwise planes of the'prongs of the other set, and means for simultaneously effecting pivotal movement-of said pivoted prongs; r 7

"7. In a'loose leaf binder adapted to con tain record leaves, a pair of opposed back members, hinging means connecting the back *members for relative movement about a longitudinal axis, a plurality ofprongs mounted 'oneach back member for movement toward 7 {and away from each other about said hinging means, and means for moving the prongs on one-backmember obli'quely with respect to the normal lengthwise planes of the prongs on the other back member to facilitate longitudinal shifting of said leaves with reference to each other. i

8. A loose leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves comprising opposed sets of prongs,.a prong-supporting member for each set, said I members being relatively movable in reverse directions' to move the sets of prongs toward and from each other, and

: means for adjusting the prongs of one mem- 7 planes parallel with the ber diagonally withrespect to the plane of their openingfand closing movements. "9. A loose leaf binder having opposed prong-supporting members, each having a plurality of prongs normally parallel with the prongs of theother member and relatively movable toward and from each other to open and close the binder, and means for shifting the prongs. of one set to and from planes ofthe prongs ofthe opposite set.- Y

-10."A loose leaf binder having'opposed prong su'pporting members, each having a 'plurality of prongs normally parallel with the prongs of the other member and relatively movable-toward and fromeach other to open and close the binder, and means forshifting the prongs of one set in either of two directions to and from their normal planes parallel of the prongs of'the opposite 7 with the planes set.

11. A loose leaf binder having opposed prong-supporting members, hinging means connecting said members for relative movementabout a longitudinal axis, a set of prongs mounted upon each of said members,

the prongs of one set being normally parallel with those of the other set and relatively movable toward and from each other about 'saidhinging means to open and close the binder, and means for shifting the prongs movable toward and from each other about said hmgmg means to'open and close the binder, and means for shifting the prongs of one set in either of two directions to and from planes parallel with the planes of the prongs of the opposite set. a I

13. A loose leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves comprising two sets of impaling prongs, a back member mounting one set of impalingprongs, a second back member, means for individually pivoting the prongs of the other set upon said second back member to permit angular movement of said prongs upon their separate axes with respect to the prongs of the other set, and means oonnecting the back members for relative movement to carry the sets of prongs away from each other to permit removal or insertion of leaves. 1 i

14. A loose leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves comprising two sets of impaling prongs, a back member mounting one set of impaling prongs, a second back member, means for individually pivoting the prongs 'of the other set upon said second back member to permit angular movement of said prongs upon their'separate' axes with respect to the prongs of the other set, means connecting the back members for relative movement to carry the sets of prongs away from each other to permit removal or insertion of leaves, and means for holding said back members in an intermediate position of adjustment between the limits of their relative movement.

15. In a loose leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves comprising two back members and hinging means connecting said back members for relative movement abouta longitudinal axis, a set of prongs carried by one back member, a plurality of separate journals on the other back member, a prong mounted 1 6 A loose leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves comprising two sets of impaling prongs. normallydisposed parallel to each other, fa back'member mountingone set of impalinglprongs, a second back member, -means for individually pivoting the prongs of the other set upon said secondback mem- 'ber to permit angular movement of said prongs upon theirseparateaxes toand from;

7 their normal parallel relation to the prongs of the other set, and;hinging means connecting the back members forrelative-movement to carry the sets of prongs away from each other; to permit removal and insertion of leaves.

f 17, Aloose leaf binder adapted tocontain record leaves comprising two back members,

hinging means connecting said back members for relat ve movement 'about a longitudinal axis, a'set of prongs carried by. one back member, a plurality of'separatejournals on the other back member, a prong'mounted in each of said journals and rotatable therein to and from parallel relation with the prongs of the wife Cir

other set, andmeansconnecting the rotatably mounted prongs to effect their simultaneous rotary movement; 1

18. lnaloose leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves, a pair of back :members,

hinge means connecting said back members for relative movement about a longitudinal axis, a series of prongs carrie'drlby each memher and normally extending parallel with each other, the prongs of each series extendingin closed position of the book from one back member to the other back member, said series of prongs'being relatively shiftable toand from overlapping position by movement-of said back members about said hinge,

and means for shifting the prongs of one series to and from planes parallel with the planes of'the prongs of the opposite series to permit longitudinal shifting of said leaves with reference to each other.

19. In a looseleaf binder adapted to con tam record leaves, a pa r of back-members,

-h-ingingmeansconnecting sai'd back members for relative movement aboutalongitudinal axis, opposed sets of prongscarried by said back membersffor movement toward and from each other aboutsaidhinging means and means mounting one of said set of prongs upon its back member permitting movement of the prongs ofsaifd set about axes disposed at substantiallyright angles to the axis of said hinge.

' 20. In a looseleaf binder adapted to contain record'leaves, a pair' of back members, hinging' means connecting said back members for relative movement, a set of prongs carried by each back member,'t he prongs of one of said sets being shiftable abou t axesidisposed memes iireach of said journalsan'd rotatablejtherein' I; right angles tothe axis of said; hinging' to and fromparallelrelation with the; prongs of the other set. 1

means. it 21, 111 a l'ooseile'af binderadapted to con? stain record leaves, a pairof back members,

Fhinging means connecting saidback membersfor relative movement. about alongitudinal axis, opposed setsof prongscarriedbysaid u back members for vmovement tovvard. and from each other about said hingingmeans, means mountingone of said "sets ofprongs upon its back member permitting movement of the prongs of saidset-about axes disposed I at substantially right anglesto the axis of said hinge, and means for holding the back 7 members in an'intermediate' position of ad'- justment between the limits *of 7 their respective hinging movement with theends of the prongs of one set slightly overlapping-the 7 ends ofthe prongs of the other set; I. r v V 22. In aloose leaf binder adaptedto contain'record leaves, a-pairof back members, 'hinging means I connecting: said back members for relative movement, a set ofpr-ongs carried by each back membenthe prongsof one of saidsetsbeing shiftabl'e about axes disposed at right angles to the axis of. said hinging means,and ineans-for holding the back membersin an intermediate position of adjustment between the limits of their. respec- I tive hinging movement with the ends'of the prongs .ofone setslightly o'verlapping the ends of the prongs of the other set. 7

23; In a loose leaf binderfadapted; to-conefi'ecting their simultaneous c shifting, movement] I r 24. in a loose leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves, a pair of back members, hinging means connectingcsaid baekjmemhere for relative movement-about a longitudinal axis, a set of'prongs {c rried by each back'membeiuthe prongs ofjone of saidsets being shiftableabout axesdisposed at right angles to the axis of said hinging means, and a slidably mounted bar connected to each of the shiftable prongs for effecting their simul-v taneous shifting movement .25. In'a'looseleafbinderadapted'to contain record leaves, a pair ofbackmembers, hinge means connecting said back members, a plurality of leaf-retaining members, carried by one of] the back members and: arranged in longitudinally spaced relation, aplurality of fr ng' mem r i ederende t y pivin a . leaf-retaining members, and all of said leafoted on the other back member and being positioned intermediate the first mentioned retaining members being normally disposed 1n substantially parallel planesand extendmg in closed position of the book from one back member to the other back member, the

pivotally mounted set of prongs being shiftable angularly out of said planes parallel with the planes of'the prongs of the other set'to permit longitudinal shifting of said leaves, and said back members being movable about their hinged connection to move the prongs to and from overlapping position.

I a plurality of leaf-retaining members carried by one of the back members and arranged in longitudinally spaced relation, a plurality of leaf-retaining, members independently pivoted on the other back member and being positioned intermediate the firstv mentioned leaf-retaining members and being shiftable about their pivots .to and from their normal parallel relationv with the prongs of the other set to permit longitudinal shifting of said leaves, and said back. members being movable about their hingeconnection to a closed position where the prongs on each back member extend across to the other back member, and said back members being mov able about said hinge to an intermediate position to permit shifting of said leaves with-- '1 out their removal from the book.

27. In a loose leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves, a pa1r of back members,

hinge means connecting said back members.

a plurality of leaf-retaining members carried by one of the back members and arranged in I longitudinally spaced relation, a plurality of leaf-retaining members independently pivoted on the other back member and beingpositioned intermediate the first-mentioned leaf-retaining members, and being shift-able about their pivots to and from their normal I parallel relation with the prongs of the other set to permit longitudinal shifting of said leaves and said back members be ng movable about their hinge connection to a closed position where the prongs on each back member extend across to the other back member, and said back members being movable about said hinge to an: intermediate posi-V tion to permit shifting of said leaveswitl out their removal from the book, and latch means for retaining the back members in said intermediate position.

28. In a loose leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves, a pair of back members, hinge means connecting said back members, a plurality of leaf-retaining members carried by one of the back members and ard5 ranged in longitudinally spaced relation, a-

closed position where the prongs on each back member extend across to the other back member, said back members being movable about sald hinge to an intermediate position to permit shifting of said leaves without their removal from the book, latch means for retaining the back members 1n said intermediate position, and means under the C011",

trol of the operator for relasing said latch 7 means. I

29. In a loose leaf binder adapted to contain record'leaves, two series of impaling prongs, means for mounting and guiding the series of impailing prongs for movement away from each other to permit removal or addition of record leaves, the prongs of one of said sets being obliquely shiftable in two directions from their normal transverse position to vary their position with reference to respective prongs of the opposed set to permit shifting of record leaves with reference to each other.

30. In a loose leaf binder adapted to contain record leaves, two series of impaling prongs, means for mounting and guiding the series of impaling prongs for movement away from each other to permit removal or addition of record leaves, the prongs of one of said sets being obliquely shiftable in two directions from their normal transverse position to vary their position with reference to respective prongs of the opposed set to permit shifting of record leaves with reference to each other, and means for simultaneously shifting all of the prongs of the shift-V pivoted prongs with respect to the prongs of the other set, and means for simultaneously effecting pivotal movement of said pivoted prongs.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 12th day of March, 1928.

JOHN L. MCMILLAN. 

